Table IX

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1. Muscles of the pharynx as seen from the back

On the left hand side of the pharynx wall we can observe the three constrictor muscles; the inferior one is partly resected in order to show the insertion of middle constrictor muscle on the greater horn of the hyoid bone; laterally we notice the petropharyngeus muscle and the stylopharyngeus muscle insinuating between the superior and inferior constrictors. On the left hand side the two constrictors have been removed to show the deep surface of the mucosa and the pharyngobasilar fascia with the insertions of the muscles petropharyngeus and stylopharyngeus. On the right hand side of this model we observe, together with the stylopharingeus muscle, the other two muscles that originate from the styloid process: the stylopharingeus and the stylohyoid; lateral to the latter there is the posterior belly of the digastric muscle cut in half.

2. Palate and nasopharynx as seen from the bottom

On the front face of the soft palate, the mucosa having been removed, we can observe on the upper side the aponeurosis which is the expanded tendon of tensor veli palatini and, inferiorly, in the deeper layer, some arched muscle fibres formed by the expansion of palatoglossus and palatopharyngeus muscles. Inside the pharynx cavity behind the soft palate, we can see the two orifices of the auditory tubes.
marcoTable IX